Quyết định 95/2003/QD-BQP

DECISION

ON ISSUING TECHNICAL PROCEDURE FOR DETECTING AND HANDLING BOMBS, MINES AND EXPLOSIVE OBJECTS”

MINISTER OF DEFENSE

Pursuant to the Law on organization of Government dated 25 December 2001;

Pursuant to Decree No. 41 / CP dated 05 July 1996 of the Government on the functions, powers and organizational structure of the Ministry of Defense;

To meet the needs and duties of detecting and handling bombs, mines and explosive objects and site clearance for performing the national defense works and economic development;

At the request of the Engineering High Command.

DECIDES:

Article 1. Issuing the “Technical procedure for detecting and handling bombs, mines and explosive objects”.

This technical procedure is the basis for management bodies and units having functions to detect and handle bombs, mines and explosive objects.

Article 2. This Decision takes effect from 07 August 2003, the General Staff, the Engineering High Command and other management bodies and units are liable to execute this Decision.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER I: CHARACTERISTICS, REQUIREMENTS AND GENERAL REGULATIONS

Article 1: Characteristics of detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects.

Article 2: Requirements for detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects.

Article 3: Standards of detachment of detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects.

Article 4: Classification of signal density of bombs-mines-explosive objects.

Article 5: Area, depth and safety corridor in detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects.

CHAPTER II: PREPARATION

Article 6: Survey, collection of data and marking of range of detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects.

Article 7: Preparation for plans and implementation of detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects.

CHAPTER III: DETECTION AND HANDLING OF BOMBS-MINES-EXPLOSIVE OBJECTS ON THE GROUND

Article 8: Limit of area of detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects.

Article 9: Order of steps for detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects on the ground.

Article 10: Site clearance

Article 11: Manual detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects up to a depth of 7cm.

Article 12. Inspection and on-the-spot destruction of bombs-mines-explosive objects up to a depth of 7cm.

Article 13: Detection using mine detectors up to a depth of 30 cm.

Article 14: Digging for inspection and processing of signal up to a depth of 30 cm.

Article 15: Detection using mine detectors up to a depth from 0.3 mineral extraction to 3 -5 m

Article 16: Digging ground for inspection and processing signal up to a depth of 3 m.

Article 17: Digging ground for inspection and processing signal up to a depth of 5 m.

Article 18: Detection and handling bombs-mines-explosive objects at a depths of greater than 5 m.

CHAPTER IV: DETECTION AND HANDLING OF UNDERWATER BOMBS-MINES-EXPLOSIVE OBJECTS

Article 19: Order of steps for detection and handling of underwater bombs-mines-explosive objects.

Article 20: Site preparation

Article 21: Detection up to a depth of 0.5 m from the water bottom

Article 22: Signal marking up to a depth of 0.5 m from the water bottom

Article 23: Diving for inspection and digging for signal processing up to a depth of 0.5 m from the water bottom

Article 24: Detection up to a depth from 0.5m to 3m or 5m from the water bottom

Article 25: Signal marking up to a depth from 0.5m to 3m or 5m from the water bottom

Article 26: Diving for inspection and digging for signal processing up to a depth greater than 0.5 -1 m from the water bottom

Article 27: Preparation for plans and organization of digging and processing of underwater signals up to a depth of greater 01 – 03 or 05 m from the water bottom.

CHAPTER V: COLLECTION, CLASSIFICATION, CONTROL, TRANSPORTATION AND DESTRUCTION OF DETECTED BOMBS-MINES-EXPLOSIVE OBJECTS

Article 28: Collection and classification of detected bombs-mines-explosive objects

Article 29: Transportation of detected bombs-mines-explosive objects

Article 30: Storage and preservation of detected bombs-mines-explosive objects

Article 31: Destruction of detected bombs-mines-explosive objects

CHAPTER VI: TECHNICAL INSPECTION AND MONITORING, ACCEPTANCE AND HANDOVER

Article 32: Inspection of works quality

Article 33: Technical supervision

Article 34: Acceptance and handover

CHAPTER VII: SAFETY RULES

Article 35: General safety rules

Article 36: Safety rules in detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects

Article 37: Safety rules upon collection, classification and transportation of detected bombs-mines-explosive objects

REFERENCES

INTRODUCTION

For nearly half a century, our country has suffered many wars, such as the resistance war against the French colonialism and American imperialism and war to protect the northern and southwest border; land and people of Vietnam have been affected heavily by a large number of bombs and munitions used by the parties. According to statistics, only the resistance against the US, the number of bombs and munitions used by the United States in Vietnam was 15,350 million tons. Thus the estimated average amount of bombs and munitions was up to 46 tons / km2 or 280 kg / capita.

According to our summarizing documents, the percentage unexploded bombs-mines-explosive objects accounts for between 2% and 5% of the number of used bombs-mines-explosive objects, that means about 350,000 – 800,000 tons of unexploded bombs-mines-explosive objects. According to foreign document, such percentage is about 10% % of the number of used bombs-mines-explosive objects, thus the number of unexploded bombs-mines-explosive objects left over is much greater. After the end of war, there are still frequent traumatic accidents caused by such bombs-mines-explosive objects.

In the process of industrialization and modernization of the country, the removal the aftermath of unexploded bombs-mines-explosive objects lying deeply in the ground in all parts of the country in order to cater for constructional projects, land reclamation and rehabilitation, contributing to the stabilization of people's life is one of the urgent and important tasks which must be done continuously and long to ensure the absolute safety for people and the economic and national defense works of the country.

Removal of unexploded bombs-mines-explosive objects after war is the extremely difficult work which must be done by specialized forces with basic training, good technical expertise and standard equipment, scientific and strict organization in order to conduct the work effectively and safely.

To meet the requirements of detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects to cater for the needs of people’s livelyhood and country building, at each point of time to meet the requirements for specific tasks of each certain stage, the Ministry of Defense has issued a number of procedures for detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects, but until now due to many changed factors and conditions, some contents of the issued procedures processes no longer fit reality.

On the basis of issued documents and the practical experiences summed up after years of implementation of the detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects plus the ongoing development of technological equipment in service of detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects in the country and the world.

To meet the requirements for tasks in the present period, the Ministry of Defense has issued this volume “Technical procedures for detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects” replacing documents previously issued. This is the legal document defining the contents of work as well order of steps in organizing the implementation for uniform application in the tasks of Security – National defense – Economy.

Chapter 1.

CHARACTERISTICS, REQUIREMENTS AND GENERAL REGULATIONS

Article 1. Characteristics of detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects.

1. Detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects after war (abbreviated as DHBMEO) is particularly dangerous work with its peculiar nature of high responsibility. This is political tasks directly affecting the social order and safety, not merely as the other socio-economic activities. Only the specialised engineering forces with capability (personnel and equipment) are assigned to perform these tasks.

2. DHBMEO is difficult, dangerous and hazardous work directly affecting life and health of persons performing it, thus such persons should have particular compensation and benefits.

3. DHBMEO is done on a national scale in all different topographical types (on the ground, underwater, at sea or in rivers, lakes, midland, mountainous areas, delta, sparsely populated or urban areas ...) and in all areas affected by war.

4. Result of DHBMEO and process of implementation are directly related to the safety and life of people, assets, political security and social safety and order.

Article 2. Requirements of detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects

1. Those who perform the tasks of DHBMEO must have high sense of responsibility, absolutely control simple subjective thoughts and thoroughly comply with the technical Procedures and must not bypass or skip steps; must not chase the mere productivity which leads to performing work for form’s sake or carelessly or omitting bombs-mines-explosive objects or leading to the unsafety during the performance of DHBMEO, construction and long-term use of works later.

2. Types of machinery and equipment used for DHBMEO tasks must be of sufficient quantity as well as quality assurance. It is required to regularly test and inspect the technical conditions and replace detailes and parts that do not ensure the proper technical requirements and inconsistency (the inspection shall be done by a unit assigned by the Ministry of Defense).

3. During the implementation, it is required to test the quality of detection equipment and professional skills of technicians, works quality and compliance with the safety rules to promptly eliminate errors. The periodical testing must be done by the method of probability. Normally, the tested area is not less than 1% of total area with DHBMEO.

Article 3. Standards of detachment of detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects.

1. Commander of detachment of DHBMEO:

a) Must be a person with competence and deep knowledge in the field of bomb-mine-explosive objects and basic training of technical skills at Army School of Engineering or training course for captain at units or schools with certificate granted by the Engineering arm.

b) Must be a person with practical experience of at least 2 years of organizing and commanding the detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects, grasping the technical procedures, features, structure and operating principles of  types of bomb-mine-explosive object and safety rules; understanding and proficiently using detection equipment.

c) Must be a person who is serious, decisive, careful and has high sense of responsibility, firm skill and spirit in organizing, commanding and dealing with all situations.

d) Takes responsibility before superior and law for all activities of DHBMEO of his/her unit.

2. Technician performing DHBMEO must:

a) Being a male strictly recruited in accordance with political standard, having good moral character, brave spirit, psychological stability, goods sense of organization and discipline, high sense of responsibility, good health and prudent and meticulous working manner.

b) Being trained proficiently on technical skills: grasping the features, structures and operating principles of general types of bomb-mine-explosive object; grasping the technical procedures and safety rules in DHBMEO; grasping the technical features, proficiently using types of specialized machinery and equipment; being granted with certificate of DHBMEO technical skill training course by the Engineering arm or the units authorized by the Engineering arm.

3. Detachment performing DHBMEO must:

a) Organized with adequate and close staff and technical equipment in line with requirements for tasks (staff and equipment with particular regulation).

b) Having adequate working protective equipment and fire and explosion prevention equipment.

4. If any unit performing DHBMEO violates the above standards and is detected by the agency or unit assigned by the Ministry of Defense, such violating unit shall be suspended its performance. If detecting any unit committing violation of 3 times or more upon request of the Engineering High Command, the Ministry shall revoke the practice license of DHBMEO.

Article 4. Classification of signal density of bombs-mines-explosive objects.

1. Concepts:

a) Signals: are all magnetic objects (or non-magnetic) lying in the ground or underground including iron, steel, shrapnel, types of bomb-mine-explosive object...which man or detectors currently used can detect them (indicated by change of sound, deflection of hand of clock, by some kinds of bar or number on liquid-crystal display regardless of size ...) and carry out the handling. The signals to calculate and prepare the performance plans and estimates (after site survey) must be the types of bombs-mines-explosive objects or magnetic objects...with their size from (30x30)mm or more lying in the ground.

b) Signal density: is a number of signals to be digged for identification of categories to conduct the handling and is averaged over a certain area unit (signal density of various kinds are directly related to the schemes and plans for performance and cost estimation for DHBMEO);

2. Areas having minefields:

a) Are the areas laid with numerous mines in a certain specification. The areas having minefields are mainly located in the Northern and Southwest border belt, around the old warehouses and military bases of the US and the puppet regime.

b) Table of classification of minefield:

Unit: 10,000m²

3. Areas having no minefield:

a) Are the areas with unexploded bombs-mines-explosive objects to different extents left over after war, including shrapnels or steel debris. When conducting the building of infrastructure works and restoring production, it is required to perform the DHBMEO. The bombs-mines-explosive objects usually lie in a depth up to 5m underground, particularly to 10-15m.

b) Table of classification of signal density (areas having no minefield):

Unit: 10,000m²

c) Classification of signal density applied to each area:

- Detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects on the ground

Unit: 10,000m²

- Detection and handling of underground bombs-mines-explosive objects

Unit: 10,000m²

d) Classification of signals density areas

4. Special areas:

a) Are areas which are used as bomb and munition destruction site: munition depots exploded many times; around military bases, posts or battlefields of the US and the puppet regime; a number of areas in the Northern border belt with multiple overlapped layers of mine

b) For special areas, there must be plans and estimate of DHBMEO for each specific area.

Article 5. Area, depth and safety corridor in detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects.

1. Area for detection of bombs-mines-explosive objects: based on the requirements of each works, the features of detector and requirements for safety assurance for works, the following areas are included:

a) Area of usable space of works includes the whole or a part of area assigned for use (based on the survey data and provided documents on pollution reality of bombs-mines-explosive objects).

b) Area of safety corridor specified of each works taking into account the importance of such works.

c) For areas with uneven topography (with slope), the area for detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects is calculated as per the topographical slope.

2. Depth for detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects: based on the features, effect and penetration of bombs-mines-explosive objects and purpose of use to determine the depth for DHBMEO.

a) Detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects up to the depth of 30 cm for all projects catering for farmland reclamation and rehabilitation to ensure the immediate safety for people.

b) Detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects up to the depth of 3 m for all relocation and housing projects with the height under 10 m, irrigation canals, reservoirs, channel dredging up to a depth under 3m. The low-level transport projects such as traffic roads up to grade 3, the district routes and rural roads.

c) Detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects up to the depth of 5m for all constructional projects with the height over 10 m, industrial construction and high-level traffic construction such as National highways, provincial roads...

d) Detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects up to the depth of over 5m for all project of special importance, places with marking of unexploded bombs but undetected up to a depth of 5 m.

3. Safety corridor for DHBMEO to ensure the safety for works construction performance (manually and motored equipment) after the end of DHBMEO: is the distance on the surface from the outer edge of works to the outer edge of area of DHBMEO. The purpose is to ensure not to explode the bombs-mines-explosive objects left over after war outside this area due to the effect of machinery and equipment upon performance of works construction. The width of safety corridor strip is defined base on the type, importance as well as the size of works. Particularly:

a) Projects of reclamation, rehabilitation and relocation: 05 m from the edge of boundary perimeter outwards.

b) Civil and industrial constructional projects: 7 m (up to 10 m for special works) from the edge of boundary perimeter outwards.

c) Low-level traffic roads (from level 5 or less): 5m from the edge on digged and embanked talus or outer edge of longitudinal groove outwards of each side.

d) Average-level traffic road (from level 2 to 4): 7m from the edge on digged and embanked talus or outer edge of longitudinal groove outwards of each side.

e) High-level traffic roads and ways in and out large bridges: 10 m from the edge on digged and embanked talus or outer edge of longitudinal groove outwards of each side.

f) Bridges, traffic tunnel portal, ports: 50m; small bridges and culverts: 20m; special works: 100 m (from the edge of works outwards to 04 directions).

g) Seaway channel: 25 m (special channel: 50m) from the upper edge of digged talus of channel outwards to each side.

h) Riverway channel and irrigation canal: 15m (special: 30m) from the upper edge of digged talus of channel or canal outwards to each side.

i) Routes of optical cables, communication cables, underground electrical cables: 3m (in case of performance with machine), 1.5m (in case of manual performance) from the center of route outward route to each side.

k) Water, oil and gas pipeline Ø < 20cm: 5 m from the upper edge of digged talus and foot of embanked talus outwards to each side.

m) Water, oil and gas pipeline Ø ≥ 20cm: 10 m from the upper edge of digged talus and foot of embanked talus outwards to each side.

n) River and sea embankment: 05 m from the outer edge of foundation pit outwards to each side.

p) Geological survey drill hole: radius is 20 m from the center of hole outwards.

q) Drill hole for water or oil extraction: radius is 50 m from the center of hole outwards.

4. The corridor of DHBMEO to ensure the safety for later use of works is the distance on the surface from the outer edge of works to the outer edge of area of DHBMEO. The purpose is to ensure the absolute safety for constructional performance and long-term use later and when there are unexploded bombs-mines-explosive objects left over after war beyond this range exploded due to natural causes or impacts outside, they shall not damage the works or cause casualties to people in the works. The width of safety corridor strip is defined based on the importance as well as size of works.

a) The ready reckoner of safety corridor strip for later use of works.

b) Scope of application: the application of range of safety corridor strip must be based on the importance of each works and types of bomb-mine-explosive object in the areas as per the survey data. The investors and the units responsible for carrying out the survey, prepare plans and estimate of DHBMEO shall discus and reach to an agreement for decision.

Chapter 2.

PREPARATION

Article 6. Survey, collection of data and marking of range of detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects.

1. Carrying out the survey and collection through archived documents and records, local government and armed forces managing areas, local people concerning the characteristics and reality of bombs-mines-explosive objects such as: layout, way of layout, raiding level, types, nature of bombs-mines-explosive objects that forces (both ourselves and the enemy) have used in the areas where the DHBMEO shall be done.

2. From documents provided or handed over at the site or on map, a number of reinforced concrete stakes shall be driven to mark the boundary. The outline of areas shall be drawn.

3. Conducting survey at the site:

a) Conducting survey to determine the signal density of the whole area by doing DHBMEO with proper steps of procedure at some places with general size (20 x 20) m representing each type of topography with the total area of survey places of at least 1% of the total area of the whole area of DHBMEO.

b) Conducting survey to determine level of forest, topography, soil, degree of magnetization of soil, weather, climate, hydrology; security and political situation, residential area situation; locating place for stay to carry out tasks...

Article 7. Preparation for plans and implementation of detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects.

1. The performance plans must clearly show: general tasks, location and situation related to the task performance: specific volume of performance, method of performance, technical solution, progress, security assurance and recommendations.

2. The method of performance must be based on the reality of area, topography, signal density and task requirements to determine to conduct all steps or only a number of steps or carry out DHBMEO on many layers in the same area

3. The performance plans must be accompanied with the announcement of reality of bombs-mines-explosive objects from the military bodies at provincial level or higher, surveying documents, drawings of performance site of DHBMEO, clearly shown performance boundary, area and depth of DHBMEO respectively.

4. For areas with topography and signal density of bombs-mines-explosive objects of as special cases such as: areas of magnetic land, areas with bomb and munition depot raided many times, area used to temporarily bury bombs-mines-explosive objects at localities upon detection of bombs-mines-explosive objects for reclamation and rehabilitation after liberation, areas with types of bomb and munition containing chemicals, toxic substances...., the performance plans must have appropriate and authentic technical solutions.

5. The plans for DHBMEO must be signed by the plan makers or unit commander and are only done after being approved by the competent level.

Chapter 3.

DETECTION AND HANDLING OF BOMBS-MINES-EXPLOSIVE OBJECTS ON THE GROUND

Article 8. Limit of area of detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects.

1. Based on the milestone upon survey, prepare the surrounding way from 4-6 m wide around the whole area for detection, travel and transport of materials and equipment and isolation of DHBMEO area with the surroundings to prevent spread of fire if using the burning method to clear the site.

2. Carrying out the inspection and site clearance to conduct DHBMEO within the range of the surrounding way in accordance with the techniques specified in Articles 9 – 13 of this procedure to ensure the safety for the next steps.

Article 9. Order of steps for detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects on the ground.

1. Areas with minefield:

a) Clearance of site by hand or by hand combined with gasoline burning or removal of barbed wire fence with explosives.

b) Detection and handling by manual method up to the depth of 7 cm.

c) Inspection and on-the-spot destruction of bombs-mines-explosive objects up to the depth of 7 cm (if any).

d) Detection with mine detector up to the depth of 30 cm.

e) Digging for inspection and handling of signal up to the depth of 30 cm.

f) Detection with bomb detector up to the depth from 0.3 m to 3 or 5 m.

g) Digging for inspection and handling of signal up to the depth of 3 m.

h) Digging for inspection and handling of signal up to the depth of 5 m.

i) Detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects at depths of greater 5 m.

2. Areas having no minefield:

a) Clearance of site by hand or by hand combined with gasoline burning.

b) Detection with mine detector up to the depth of 30 cm.

c) Digging for inspection and handling of signal up to the depth of 30 cm.

d) Detection with bomb detector up to the depth from 0.3 m to 3 or 5 m.

e) Digging for inspection and handling of signal up to the depth of 3 m.

f) Digging for inspection and handling of signal up to the depth of 5 m.

g) Detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects at depths of greater 5 m.

Article 10. Site clearance

1. Contents of work: clearing creepers, grass and litter, small trees with diameter of 10cm or less and the remaining stumps must not higher than 5 cm (for trees with diameter > 10 cm, only cutting them if there are signals under their stumps) and all obstacles in the site and taking them out of the range of performance of DHBMEO. Conducting the inspection, handling and clearing all signal on the ground.

2. Manual site clearance:

a) Scope of application: all types of topography such as: delta, midland, forest and mountain, wetland and coastal mangrove.

b) Equipment: matchets and other manual tools, testing equipment of bombs-mines-explosive objects, stakes and signboards.

c) Order of work:

- Setting stakes to divide area into cells with size (25x25)m or (50x50)m depending on the topography of area (or the length is 25 m and the width depends on the width of detected area when performing DHBMEO at narrow strips).

- Clearing all trees and obstacles in accordance with technical requirements and taking them out of the range of area of DHBMEO (if such areas have minefields, the site clearance is done simultaneously with the detection up to the depth of 7cm).

3. Site clearance by hands combined with gas or oil burning:

a) Scope of application: only applied to the areas with or without minefield but with dense trees, reeds and creepers with the permission from the forest management authorities.

b) Equipment: matchets and other manual tools, testing equipment of bombs-mines-explosive objects, signal stakes, signboards, oil and gas and oil and gas sprayers.

c) Order of work:

- Clearing trees and preparing ways from 2 to 3 m wide to divide cells with size (25x25)m or (50x50)m depending on the topography of area (or 25 or 50 m long and the width depending on the maximum breadth of detected area upon performance of DHBMEO at narrow corridor strips).

- Spraying oil and gas to burn all dense trees in each cell at the appropriate time.

- Clearing trees and obstacles and take them out of the area of DHBMEO in each cell (this is done simultaneously with the step of DHBMEO up to the depth of 7cm or 30cm). Detection is done by spades and detector in accordance with the techniques specified in Articles 10, 11, 12 and 13 of this Procedure.

3. Site clearance by hand combined with explosives:

a) Applied to areas having minefield with barbed wire fence and dense trees, reeds and creepers.

b) Equipment and material mainly include: matchets and other manual tools, testing equipment of bombs-mines-explosive objects, signal stakes, signboards, explosives, chemical tools, explosion detonating devices and other materials.

c) Order of work:

- Observing, inspecting and using long explosive amount to remove fence; preparing minor way from 2 to 3 m wide as service road, setting stakes to divide the area into cells with size (25x25)m or (50x50)m depending on topography of area (area (or 25 or 50 m long and the width depending on the maximum breadth of detected area upon performance of DHBMEO at narrow corridor strips).

- Clearing all trees and obstacles after burning and taking them out of the area of DHBMEO in each cell (this is done simultaneously with step of DHBMEO up to the depth of 7cm or 30cm at the same time). Detection is done by spades and detector in accordance with the techniques specified in Articles 11, 12, 13, and 14 of this Procedure.

Article 11. Manual deetection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects up to a depth of 7cm

1. Scope of application: areas having minefields with bounding mines, explosion-sensitive mines and plastic mines which are difficult to be detected by the current detectors and areas having minefields with magnetic objects which the detector is not effective.

2. Equipment: specilialized wires for marking detection way, spades, matchets, daggers, shovels, safety latches, red and white small burgees, collecting tools...

3. Order of work:

a) From the way of detection cell division, use white pennon to mark the range of detection way (1-1.5m wide), mark wherever the DHBMEO is done (one pennon for 1.5m). Only raise a pennon to mark the first detection strip border and until the next detections strips, draw pennon of the first adjacent detection strip border and place it in the border of undetected side in the form of rolling method.

b) Using spade and observing with naked eyes and boring in accordance with technical requirements from left to right, from near to far and vice versa. The manipulation of spade must be technically correct (head of spade tilts into an angle of 30⁰- 40⁰ compared with natural ground. Use spade in the form of apricot blossom, the spade heads are 3-5 cm apart and 7-10 cm deep).

c) When detecting signals, use spade to bore, inspect and identify them and then make digging to inspect the signals with basic techniques. If the signals are not the bombs-mines-explosive objects, collect them to the prescribed place; if the bombs-mines-explosive objects, handle them safely and collect them to the prescribed place; if unsafe or strange bombs-mines-explosive objects, mark the place with red pennon for particular handling.

d) If there are persons performing detection in the same area, the distance between 2 closest persons is ≥ 15m (greater than the maximum dangerous radius of types of bomb-mine-explosive object in the area based on the survey result).

Article 12. Inspection and on-the-spot destruction of bombs-mines-explosive objects up to a depth of 7cm.

1. Scope of application: bombs-mines-explosive objects detected but not safe for collection and transport.

2. Equipment: spades, daggers, shovel, explosives, fire equipment and explosion detonating devices.

3. Order of work:

a) Using the centralized explosive amount directly placed at explosive object to be destroyed, the explosive amount for destruction must be based on each type of bomb-mine-explosive object for calculation by the formula specified by the Engineering arm in the explosion work Charter.

b) After destruction, it is required to carry out the re-inspection to ensure no more bombs-mines-explosive objects. In case of residue, conduct the handling as the above-mentioned order.

c) Inspecting and collecting types of explosion detonating devices and debris (if any) out of the performance area of DHBMEO.

Article 13. Detection using mine detectors up to a depth of 30 cm.

1. Scope of application: for minefields, after performance of DHBMEO up to the depth of 07 cm and for areas having no minefields.

2. Equipment: mine detector, spade, red and white pennons, wooden stakes and specialized wires to mark detection way.

3. Order of work:

a) Setting stakes and stretch wire to mark detection strip. Each detection strip is 1-1.5m wide.

b) Using mine detector with proper technical requirements. Detection is done from left to right and vice versa, the last detection track must cover 1/3 of the previous one, the last detection way must encroach on the previous one from 10 to 20cm.

c) When the detector indicates signals, the detector shall do cross-track detection to identify the signal center and use red pennon for marking next to the signal center.

d) When there are many detectors operating in the same area, such detectors must have a distance of at least 7m to avoid interference.

Article 14. Digging for inspection and processing of signal up to a depth of 30 cm.

1. Scope of application: for all marked signals

2. Equipment: detector, spade, small shovel, dagger, safety latches, explosive, fire equipment, explosion detonating devices and collecting tools.

3. Order of work:

a) Using mine detector and spade to re-inspect the place with marked signal. Using small shovel to dig a hole 0.5 – 0.6m wide (depending on the magnitude of the signal), carefully peeling away layers of soil from top to down and from edge to center of hole, digging and inspecting. When the signals are shown, using dagger to dig the soil around to make the signaling object appear.

b) Inspecting and identifying the signaling object: if not bombs-mines-explosive objects, collecting it to the prescribed place; if bombs-mines-explosive objects, carrying out the safe handling and collecting it to the prescribed place; if bombs-mines-explosive objects unsafely for collection, transport or strange explosive objects, marking them with red pennon for particular handling.

c) After finishing the handling of signal, it is required to use detector to inspect the surroundings and under the signal just handled to ensure no signal left. If there is residue of signal, conducting the handling like the above-mentioned order.

Article 15. Detection using mine detectors up to a depth from 0.3 mineral extraction to 3 -5 m

1. Based on the requirements on depth to be detected to set the detector at different sensitivity levels. If detection is done only up to a depth of 3m, the detector is set at low sensitivity level. If detection is done up to a depth of 5m, the detector is set at higher sensitivity level. The detection strip should be divided in the direction North - South.

2. Scope of application: all areas have bombs-mines-explosive objects at a depth greater than 0.3m after carrying out DHBMEO at a depth up to 0.3m from the current natural ground or less.

3. Equipment: bomb detector, red pennon for signal marking, stakes and specialized wire to mark the detection way (rope).

4. Order of work:

a) Preparing detector, inspecting and determine the magnitization level of soil in the area to adjust the detector accordingly.

b) Setting stakes and stretch wire to mark detection way. Each detection way is 1m separated from one another.

c) Using bomb detector in line with technical requirements to detect all signals up to the required depth. When the detector transmits signals (by change of sounds, deflection of hand of clock...) to indicate the underground suspected signal, conducting extensive detection around the suspect location to identify the signal center correctly and then using big red pennon to place next to the signal center for marking and handling.

d) When there are more than 02 detectors operating in the same area, such detectors must have a distance of at least ≥7m to avoid interference.

Article 16. Digging ground for inspection and processing signal up to a depth of 3 m (applied for requirements of DHBMEO up to the depths of 3 or 5m)

1. Scope of application: for all marked signals.

2. Equipment: bomb detector, spade, engineering small shovel, dagger, safety latches, explosive, fire equipment, explosion detonating devices and collecting tools and water pump if detection is done at place with underground water.

3. Order of work:

a) Preparing, inspecting and using manual tools to carefully dig around the marked signal center. Digging from outside to inside, the size of hole depends on the magnitude and depth of signal (through estimation upon inspection with detector) for decision; as close to the signaling object, dig in layers with thickness less than 10cm, using detector in combination with spade to carry out the inspection around the signal center before digging the next layer until the appearance of signaling object.

b) Inspecting and identifying the signaling object: if not bombs-mines-explosive objects, collecting it to the prescribed place; if bombs-mines-explosive objects, carrying out the safe handling and collecting them to the prescribed place; if bombs-mines-explosive objects unsafely for collection, transport or strange explosive objects, marking them with red pennon for particular handling.

c) After finishing the handling of signal, it is required to use detector to inspect the surroundings and under the signal just handled to ensure no signal left. If there is residue of signal, conducting the handling like the above-mentioned order.

Article 17. Digging ground for inspection and processing signal up to a depth of 5 m.

1. Digging soil to inspect and handle signals up to the depth of 05m upon requirements for DHBMEO up to a depth of 5 m and after finishing the step of digging to inspect and handle signal up to the depth of 3m but not reaching the signaling object.

2. Scope of application: for all marked signals after digging soil to inspect and handle signals at a depth from 0.3 to 3m.

3. Equipment: bomb detector, spade, engineering small shovel, dagger, safety latches, explosive, fire equipment, explosion detonating devices and collecting tools and water pump if detection is done at place with underground water and other materials for embankment to prevent landslide.

4. Order of work:

a) Preparing, inspecting and using manual tools to carefully dig around the marked signal center. Digging from outside to inside, the size of hole depends on the magnitude and depth of signal (through estimation upon inspection with detector) for decision; as close to the signaling object, dig in layers with thickness less than 10cm, using detector in combination with spade to carry out the inspection around the signal center before digging the next layer until the appearance of signaling object.

b) Inspecting and identifying the signaling object: if not bombs-mines-explosive objects, collecting it to the prescribed place; if bombs-mines-explosive objects, carrying out the safe handling and collecting it to the prescribed place; if bombs-mines-explosive objects unsafely for collection, transport or strange explosive objects, marking them with red pennon for particular handling.

c) After finishing the handling of signal, it is required to use detector to inspect the surroundings and under the signal just handled to ensure no signal left. If there is residue of signal, conducting the handling like the above-mentioned order.

d) Based on the topographical condition of the area to take measures to dig in the form of ladder along the talus roof or make embankment into wooden hole to prevent landslide. When it rains or there is underwater in the hole, use water pump to suck water to create favorable conditions for digging and handling of signals.

Article 18. Detection and handling bombs-mines-explosive objects at a depths of greater than 5 m

1. Based on the features of a majority of types of detector currently used, the DHBMEO at a depths of greater than 5m is only done after finishing DHBMEO at a depths of 0.3m and 5m. It is required to drill a hole for detection, each drill shall detect the depth of 5m, each area layer to calculate and estimate has a depth of 5m, depending the requirements to decide the depth of drill and number of drills.

2. When performing DHBMEO at a depth of greater than 5m, there must be specific performance plans for each works (by the method of hole drill for detection). The performance plans must suit the requirements and topographical condition of area.

3. The holes are arranged in the shape of apricot blossom and the distance between boreholes is 2m; the depth of borehole of each drilling time is equal to the required depth for DHBMEO minus the depth of one or many times of borehole and detection as 5m (a number of drill layers and detection are based on the depth for DHBMEO for decision). The diameter of borehole is ≥ 105mm, the wall of borehole is protected by the system of plastic tube or material to harden the hole wall.

4. After drilling holes, conducting the steps of DHBMEO in order like that of DHBMEO on the ground by the method of drop the probe into the borehole, record and analyze measurement data (including data of adjacent boreholes) to detect signals. The digging and handling of signals are in order of steps specified in Article 16 of this Procedure.

5. Detection and drill are only permitted in turn of each layer at a depth of 5m; with the depths for DHBMEO greater than 10m, it is not permitted to drill straight once to reach the necessary depth.

Chapter 4.

DETECTION AND HANDLING OF UNDERWATER BOMBS-MINES-EXPLOSIVE OBJECTS

Article 19. Order of steps for detection and handling of underwater bombs-mines-explosive objects.

1. Preparing site

2. Performing detection at a depth up to 0.5m from water bottom.

3. Marking the signal at a depth up to 0.5m from water bottom.

4. Diving to inspect, dig and handle signals at a depth up to 0.5m from water bottom

5. Performing detection from 0.5 – 3 or 5m from water bottom.

6. Marking the signal at a depth from 0.5 – 3 or 5m from water bottom.

7. Diving to inspect, dig and handle signals at a depth greater from 0.5 -1m from water bottom

8. Preparing plans and organizing the digging and handling of signals underwater at a depth greater from 1 -3 or 5m from water bottom

Article 20. Site preparation

1. The use of buoys and anchors to locate and mark the area at estimate norm is only for areas of DHBMEO with depth from 3m or more and a width of> 50m.

2. Limiting the area where bombs-mines-explosive objects shall be dected and handled: based on the milestones marked upon survey, limit the area of DHBMEO underwater by driving reinforced concrete stakes to mark onshore and drop oleaster-shaped buoys 1m³ with anchor weighed 50 kg to locate and mark underwater at necessary places and draw the outline of area.

3. Preparing the site: the site preparation underwater is mainly to clear the site manually because the underwater site includes the majority of plants such as black mangrove, bruguiera, tumbleweed, seaweed, water fern or stakes...For too much big obstacles without condition to lift or handle such as: damaged bridge beams or piles, wrecked boats...make marking so as to pay special attention upon detection in thorougly eliminating objects which can cause interference signals for complete detection of bombs-mines-explosive objects.

Article 21. Detection up to a depth of 0.5 m from the water bottom

1. Scope of application: All areas have bombs-mines-explosive objects at a depth up to 0.5m from the water bottom.

2. Equipment: Bomb detector, composite boat, rubber boat of various kinds, buoy, anchor (50kg and 20kg made from non-magnetic materials), wire marking detection way of various kinds and equipment to ensure safety and working protection.

3. Order of work:

a) Inspecting and determining the intensity of magnetization of soil at water bottom to adjust detector accordingly. The detector is set at sensitivity level from 1 to 3 depending on the intensity of magnetization of soil at water bottom.

b) Stretching wire in combination with buoy 1m3, anchor 50kg and 20kg to divide the area into cells with size (25 x 25)m or (50 x 50)m depending on the topography of area and performance plans, stretching wire to mark the detection way and dividing detection cells into detection strips; each strip is 0.5m wide (direction of detection way should coincide with the flow direction).

c) Using bomb detector placed on the composite or rubber boat and dropping the probe nearly close to the ground of water bottom and conducting detection in accordance with technical requirements along the wire marking detection (the probe must be vertical and 10 – 20 cm away from the ground of water bottom). When finishing detection of each strip, continuing to move wire to detect the next strip.

4. The performance of DHBMEO underground is only conducted under conditions of flow velocity ≤ 1 m / s. In case of required performance under conditions of flow velocity ≥ 1 m / s, it is required to strengthen measures to ensure the safety and detection techniques and works quality.

Article 22. Signal marking up to a depth of 0.5 m from the water bottom

1. Scope of application: All signals which have been found upon detection underwater up to a depth of 0.5 m from the water bottom.

2. Equipment: Bomb detector, composite boat, rubber boat of various kinds; buoy, anchor (20kg made from non-magnetic materials), nylon cables and pennon and other equipment of safety assurance and working protection.

3. Order of work:

a) When the bomb detector transmits signals to indicate magnetic objects from water bottom at detection location (by sounds or deflection of clock hand..). Moving the detector along with detecting wire to inspect and correctly determine the location of signal center.

b) Dropping anchor 20kg (for areas with flow velocity ≤ 1 m / s and water depth over 3m) and anchor 10 kg (for other areas) next to the signal center just identified. The anchor is connected to plastic buoys ≥ 30cm in diameter with nylon wires Ø = 12mm. Raising red pennon on buoy to mark the signals.

c) When the water depth is <3m, using bamboo pole to mark the signal location.

Article 23. Diving for inspection and digging for signal processing up to a depth of 0.5 m from the water bottom

1. Scope of application: All signals which have been marked up to a depth of 0.5m from water bottom.

2. Equipment: Bomb detector, synchronized diving equipment, composite boat, rubber boat of various kinds, buoy, anchor, spade, shovel, nylon cable, and equipment to ensure safety and working protection.

3. Order of work:

a) Preparing and fully taking safety measures, let divers bring the diving equipment and necessary manual tools such as: small spade, shovel...and dive to location of marked signal and use spade to pock into the ground with spade and carefully dig around it with proper technical requirements until the appearance of signaling object.

b) Inspecting and identifying signaling object: if not bombs-mines-explosive objects, using nylon cable to lift it onto boat and take it to the prescribed place; if bombs-mines-explosive objects unsafely for collection, transport or strange explosive object, using buoy, anchor and red pennon to mark it for particular handling.

c) After handling the signal, using detector to inspect around and under the handled signal to ensure no signal left. If residual signal, conducting the handling in the order mentioned above.

Article 24. Detection up to a depth from 0.5m to 3m or 5m from the water bottom

1. Scope of application: All areas having bombs-mines-explosive objects at a depth from 0.5 -3 or 5m from the water bottom after finishing DHBMEO at a depth up to 0.5m from water bottom.

2. Equipment: Bomb detector, composite boat, rubber boat of various kinds, buoy, anchor (made from non-magnetic materials), marking wires of detection way and equipment to ensure safety and working protection.

3. Order of work:

a) Inspecting and identifying water depth and intensity of magnetization of soil at water bottom to adjust detector accordingly. The detector is set at sensitivity level from 4 to 7 depending on the intensity of magnetization of soil at water bottom and depth requirement for detection.

b) Stretching wire combined with buoy 1m³, anchors 50kg and 20kg to divide the area into cells with size (25 x 25)m or (50 x 50)m depending on the topography of area and performance plans, stretching wire to mark the detection way and dividing detection cells into detection strips; each strip is 1m wide (direction of detection way should coincide with the flow direction).

c) Using bomb detector placed on the composite or rubber boat and dropping the probe nearly close to the ground of water bottom and conducting detection in accordance with technical requirements along the wire marking detection (the probe must be vertical and 10 – 20 cm away from the ground of water bottom). When finishing detection of each strip, continuing to move wire to detect the next strip.

4. The performance of DHBMEO underground is only conducted under conditions of flow velocity ≤ 1 m / s. In case of required performance under conditions of flow velocity ≥ 1 m / s, it is required to strengthen measures to ensure the safety and detection techniques and works quality…

Article 25. Signal marking up to a depth from 0.5m to 3m or 5m from the water bottom

1. Scope of application: All signals found upon detection underwater at a depth from 0.5 – 3 or 5m from the water bottom.

2. Equipment: Bomb detector, composite boat, rubber boat of various kinds, buoy, anchor (made from non-magnetic materials), marking wires of detection way and equipment to ensure safety and working protection.

3. Order of work:

a) When the bomb detector transmits signals to indicate magnetic objects from water bottom at detection location (by sounds or deflection of clock hand..). Moving the detector along with detecting wire to inspect and correctly determine the location of signal center (the magnitude and depth of signal center may be preliminarily estimated by experience).

b) Dropping anchor 20kg (for areas with flow velocity ≥ 1 m / s and depth greater than 3m) and anchor 10kg (for other areas) next to the signal center just identified. The anchor is connected to plastic buoys ≥ 30cm in diameter with nylon wires Ø = 12mm. Raising red pennon on buoy to mark the signals.

c) When the water depth is <3m, using bamboo pole to mark the signal location.

Article 26. Diving for inspection and digging for signal processing up to a depth greater than 0.5 -1 m from the water bottom

1. Scope of application: All signals marked up to a depth from 0.5 -1 m from the water bottom.

2. Equipment: Bomb detector, synchronized diving equipment, composite boat, rubber boat of various kinds, sand blower, buoy, anchor, spade, shovel, nylon cable, and equipment to ensure safety and working protection.

3. Order of work:

a) Preparing and fully taking safety measures, let divers bring the diving equipment and necessary manual tools such as: small spade, shovel, blowing hose..and dive to location of marked signal and use spade to poke into the ground carefully combined with use of blowing hose in accordance with proper technical requirements until the appearance of signaling object.

b) Inspecting and identifying signaling object: if not bombs-mines-explosive objects, using nylon cable to lift it onto boat and take it to the prescribed place; if bombs-mines-explosive objects unsafely for collection, transport or strange explosive object, using buoy, anchor and red pennon to mark it for particular handling.

c) After finishing the handling of signal, it is required to use detector to inspect the surroundings and under the signal just handled to ensure no signal left. If there is residue of signal, conducting the handling like the above-mentioned order.

Article 27. Preparation for plans and organization of digging and processing of underwater signals up to a depth of greater 01 – 03 or 05 m from the water bottom.

1. Scope of application: All signals marked up to a depth from 1 - 3 or 5m from the water bottom, after digging to a depth of 1m without finding the signaling object.

2. Equipment: Bomb detector, synchronized diving equipment, composite boat, rubber boat of various kinds, high-pressure sand blower, dredger, buoy, anchor, spade, shovel, sheet pile wall made in accordance with requirements, equipment to ensure safety and working protection and equipment for installation and removal of sheet pile wall.

3. Order of work:

a) Let divers with digging equipment combined with other machinery such as high-pressure blowing hose or dredger, either pock into the ground to find or blow until the appearance of signaling object and perform the handling as specified in Article 26.

b) For areas with complex geology such as quicksand, mud, there must be iron sheet pile wall like the well chambers. Divers with high pressure hoses are used  to blow sand and mud and lower fencing chambers and dig until the appearance of signaling object then perform the handling in the order as specified in Article 26 .

4. In this procedure, only underwater detection in near-shore areas is specified. The performance at sea (offshore) must be planned and estimated depending on specific conditions of each area.

Chapter 5.

COLLECTION, CLASSIFICATION, CONTROL, TRANSPORTATION AND DESTRUCTION OF DETECTED BOMBS-MINES-EXPLOSIVE OBJECTS

Article 28. Collection and classification of detected bombs-mines-explosive objects

1. With types of bomb-mine-explosive object which are safe upon collection and transport, the technical measures are used to handle the explosion head and gather them to the storage for destruction as planned at the end of detection.

2. When gathering the collected bombs-mines-explosive objects in a storage to wait for destruction, it is required to classify and arrange each type of bombs-mines-explosive objects in different areas without putting them together. For types of bomb-mine-explosive object with explosive sensitivity or with flammable substances or chemicals..it is required to apply technical measures to preserve each type appropriately.

3. A number of bombs-mines-explosive objects collected or handled each day must be fully recorded in the tracking book and performance diary to avoid confusion or omission. The bombs-mines-explosive objects found each day must be brought to the storage area for management without leaving them at the site overnight.

4. Where the bombs-mines-explosive objects are detected but cannot be digged up, lifted and handled in a day, it is required to place signboards under regulations and provide guard until complete digging, lifting and handling.

Article 29. Transportation of detected bombs-mines-explosive objects

1. The transportation of detected bombs-mines-explosive objects from the detection site to the storage or from the storage to the destruction site must be organized strictly and carefully:

a) For general types of bomb-mine-explosive object which are safe for collection and transportation, gather them in a prescribed location to transport, classify and arrange in the storage at the end of working shift.

b) When collecting and transporting the bombs-mines-explosive objects from the gathering place to the storage, they must be placed in wooden boxes lined with sand or straw ... (in accordance with safety rules upon transport for each type of bomb-mine-explosive object or with special attention to the types of bomb-mine-explosive containing flammable and toxic substances), then transported, classified and stored.

2. The transport of bombs-mines-explosive objects to the destruction site must comply with the safety rules on preservation, transport and use of explosive materials as per TCVN 4586-1997; the explosion work Charter specified by the the Engineering High Command; the safety rules upon transport of detected bombs-mines-explosive objects specified in Article 37 of this Procedure.

Article 30. Storage and preservation of detected bombs-mines-explosive objects

1. The storage of bombs-mines-explosive objects collected during detection must be placed far away residential areas, military base, warehouses and other works. Depending on the number and types of bomb-mine-explosive object collected to arrange the storage rationally and ensure the safety. The minimum safe distance of storage with the surrounding works is in accordance with regulations in calculating the safety of munition depot.

2. The storage of bombs-mines-explosive objects collected during detection must be located beyond the sphere of influence of types of blast wave caused to the surrounding works by calculation of explosion of the total types of bomb-mine-explosive object currently stored in the storage due to a certain cause of detonation.

3. The storage of bombs-mines-explosive objects collected during detection must be strictly guarded in accordance with the guarding regulations specified by the the General Staff.

Article 31. Destruction of detected bombs-mines-explosive objects

1. The bombs-mines-explosive objects collected during detection must be handled primarily by the method: destruction by explosion, burning or burial (only handlling by the disassembly method upon written permission by the competent authorities).

2. The destruction organization of bombs-mines-explosive objects collected during detection must be carried out uniformly throughout the area and must be planned by a site commander or captain (depending on the model of site) and submitted to the competent authorities for approval and destruction organization.

3. The destruction plan must be done in accordance with the approved plan and disseminated to all units involved in the performance in the area and notified to the relevant bodies, authority level, military bodies, local people and means of transportation frequently travelling around the area.

4. The destruction of collected bombs-mines-explosive objects by the method of destruction by explosion, burning or burial must comply with technical procedures issued for destruction by explosion, burning or burial of bombs-mines-explosive objects with different types:

a) For types containing toxic or flammable substance, the destruction must comply with:

- Technological procedures for destruction and burial of CS munitions and toxic substances regulated by the General Department of Engineering.

- Technological procedures for handling of white phosphorus munitions regulated by the Military Chemical Institute/Military Chemical Arm.

b) For munitions to be destroyed by technological procedures regulated by the General Department of Engineering:

- Technological procedures for destruction by explosion of piercing warhead.

- Technological procedures for destruction by explosion of hollow piercing warhead.

- Technological procedures for burning destruction of bullets.

- Technological procedures for destruction by explosion of warhead of shells, trunk of mortar shells and antipersonnel, bursting – antipersonnel DKZ shells.

- Technological procedures for burning destruction of 105mm, 155mm, 175mm shells;

- Technological procedures for destruction by explosion of anti-personnel grenade.

c) For types of bombs which are destroyed by the technological Procedures regulated by the General Department of Engineering:

- Technological Procedures for destruction by explosion of CBU-24B/B bombs, cluster bombs, orange bomb (CBU- 46 cluster bomb).

- Technological Procedures for destruction by explosion of MK81, MK82 bombs.

d) For types of mine, destruction is in accordance with technological Procedures for handling Engineering weapons regulated by the Engineering arm.

Chapter 6.

TECHNICAL INSPECTION AND MONITORING, ACCEPTANCE AND HANDOVER

Article 32. Inspection of works quality

1. The inspection of quality of DHBMEO performance of units must be done regularly and continuously. This work is carried out by technicians of all levels and experts of Engineering arm who perform their tasks as planned and directly managed by the inspection Committee under the management of Engineering arm.

2. The functional bodies of the Ministry of Defense that are tasked must carry out the inspection of quality of DHBMEO performed by the units in the army.

3. The inspection is done by the probability method in the total area where DHBMEO is performed. In general, the inspected area is not less than 1% of the total area where DHBMEO has been performed. Upon inspection, if ≥ 0,3% of a number of signals is found left out as per survey data ( with a size ≥ 3cm x 3cm regardless of bombs-mines-explosive objects) at a depth of > 0,3m, the performing unit must re-perform its task.

4. The investors are also responsible for coordinated organization or self-organization of Technical supervision of DHBMEO performance under the approved plan.

Article 33. Technical supervision

1. The Technical supervision is to help the command of performance on schedule and ensure quality and absolute safety. The Technical supervision shall be undertaken by one or a number of technicians (depending the scale of works) of the performing unit. The Technical supervision must be done during DHBMEO performance.

2. Duties of technical supervisors:

a) Supervise the DHBMEO performance in accordance with the approved plan and techniques of performance.

b) Supervise the range and area where DHBMEO has been performed, a number of signals handled, volume of cut trees, volume of digged soil for signal handling, a number of bombs-mines-explosive objects of various types detected in a day. Sign for confirmation on diary of DHBMEO performance and take responsibility for their confirmation on both volume and quality of work they have confirmed.

3. Technical supervisors must:

a) Be regularly present at the site, inspect, urge and provide instructions on performance in accordance with the plan, technical procedures, safety rules and seriously correct faults during the performance.

b) Grasp the range, volume and area of DHBMEO of their unit and avoid omission of area due to any reason; regularly inspect the quality of completed work and resolutely require the performing unit to re-perform detection in areas which ensure no quality

c) The technical supervisors must take responsibility before site commander for the quality of completed work of the unit under their supervision. In addition to responsibility for making regular report on the supervision result to the site commander, they also make periodic reports to the head of unit.

Article 34. Acceptance and handover

1. The technical acceptance is conducted at the site, including:

a) Inspecting the quality of work performed by the probability inspection method at some places (usually with size 20m x 20m) with the number of inspected area accounted for about 1% of the total area which has been detected.

b) Inspecting stakes used to mark area and making comparison with finished plan of area where the detection has been done, inspecting volume of work done. Making necessary records of acceptance of work items and signing such records at the site.

2. After technical acceptance, organizing the handover of entire site where DHBMEO has been performed between the legal representative of parties concerned. The acceptance and handlover dossier consists of:

a) Acceptance record to put the finished works items into use.

b) Acceptance record of working volume of DHBMEO

c) Technical acceptance record at the site.

d) Site handover record where DHBMEO has been performed

e) Finished outline for space where DHBMEO has been performed.

f) Commitment to safety assurance for space where DHBMEO has been performed.

g) Confirmation record of detected bombs-mines-explosive objects for destruction

h) Destruction record of detected bombs-mines-explosive objects

Chapter 7.

SAFETY RULES

Article 35. General safety rules

1. All work items in the tasks of DHBMEO must be done on the basis of approved performance plan. The steps of implementation must be organized closely and uniformly commanded in accordance with order and procedure. Intentional change of technical procedure for DHBMEO is strictly prohibited. In case of compulsory change of some steps in the approved procedure, there must be a written approval from the competent authorities.

2. The site commander is the person who shall take direct responsibility before his superior and law for proper implementation of performance plan, technical procedures, safety rules and ensure no bombs-mines-explosive objects left; complete tasks on schedule and ensure absolute safety for people, machinery and equipment... during the DHBMEO performance as well as permit constructional performance and long-term use of works in the future.

3. It is required to respect the cooperation with the authorities, the local military bodies at all levels upon implementation of DHBMEO tasks.

4. When performing DHBMEO, the collected bombs-mines-explosive objects must be stored and preserved: such collected bombs-mines-explosive objects must be sorted and arranged separately in each different in the storage. There must be separate storage area for explosive and fire equipment. The storage of collected bombs-mines-explosive objects must not be placed near residential area, military base and protected and guarded strictly in accordance with regulations on guard of weapon depot.

Article 36. Safety rules in detection and handling of bombs-mines-explosive objects

1. The commander of DHBMEO unit must be always present at the site, get in close contact and regularly remind and correct the compliance with technical procedure and safety rules.

2. When doing area clearance by way of burning, there must be guarding stations around area and people without duty are not allowed to enter the area under performance. It is necessary to wait for 04 hours after burning to enter such burnt area to implement the next work.

3. Before each working shift, the technician must inspect the technical conditions of all equipment in accordance with requirements.

4. Each working shift of DHBMEO is 06 consecutive hours totally. One person using detector must not work 02 consecutive shift in a day.

5. Arbitrary traveling in the area of DHBMEO is not allowed.

6. Do not raise pennon, drop buoy to mark the signals at the right signal center. Do not intentionally move obstacles and other objects in the area with suspected mines without careful inspection.

7. Only one person is allowed to handle the signals. When detecting strange bombs-mines-explosive objects, keep as-it-is at site and promptly report it to the direct commander to take suitable handling measures.

8. Do not bring the collected bombs-mines-explosive objects while detection to home and living places.

9. People, animals as well as means of transportation without duty are not allowed to enter area under the DHBMEO performance. Do not smoke and drink beverages with stimulants while on duty of DHBMEO.

10. The collection and destruction of bombs-mines-explosive objects are only done at the end of working shift.

Article 37. Safety rules upon collection, classification and transportation of detected bombs-mines-explosive objects

1. Only collecting and transporting for destruction the bombs-mines-explosive objects which ensure safety during collection and transport. In case there are bombs-mines-explosive objects not ensuring safety in transport and destroyed on the spot, ask for direction and written consent of the competent authorities. Such bombs-mines-explosive objects shall only be transported for destruction after applying special technical measures for safety.

2. The vehicles used to transport bombs-mines-explosive objects to the destruction site must have wooden body. Dump trucks are not allowed. The vehicles must be in good condition and drivers must be highly skilled, careful, self-controlled and courageous. The vehicle body must be lined with sand layer ≥ 25cm thick. Do not put gas and oil together on the vehicle body upon transporting bombs-mines-explosive objects.

3. The bombs-mines-explosive objects must be placed horizontally with driving directions on vehicles and there must be chocks to prevent bombs-mines-explosive objects from touching each other. The safe parts of fuses must be chocked or fastened to prevent their operation.

4. Only allowing a maximum of 3 persons including driver, driver assistant (as needed) and an escort on the vehicles used to transport bombs-mines-explosive objects.

5. The vehicles transporting bombs-mines-explosive objects must not pass cities with crowded people. In case of compulsory passing, there must be a written approval from the competent authority but such vehicles must travel at night when there are less people on the way. The route must be closely discussed with responsible bodies. The vehicles must not stop or park at crowded places or near areas with warehouses within a radius of danger.

6. When destroying bombs-mines-explosive objects, it is required to absolutely comply with safety rules about use of explosives regulated by the Engineering arm.

7. The location for destruction of collected bombs-mines-explosive objects must be approved by the competent authorities that have approved the plans for DHBMEO performance.

8. The area with site for destruction of bombs-mines-explosive objects must have safety guarding stations at required places. There must be safe sheltering places for units performing the destruction by explosion for commander of destruction site and guarding stations.

9. Only inspecting the safety of the destruction hole 15 minutes after explosion and peforming the next work.

10. Do not organize the destruction by explosion upon rain, lightning and thunderstorm. In case the destruction hole has been arranged but the weather gets bad, recede from destruction site, guard and protect the entire area of destruction site.

11. After finishing each destruction by explosion, inspect the safety of the entire area of destruction site before receding.

When performing tasks of detection, collection, transport and destruction of bombs-mines-explosive objects, it is required to record daily performance dairy correctly and meticulously and store data by security mode and fighting diary.